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¡Bienvenidos a Direct and Reported Speech! 🎯
Welcome, students of Ibagué! Today we're exploring how to report what others say in English. This guide will help you master both direct and reported speech. Let's begin! 📚
1. Understanding Direct vs. Reported Speech
Direct Speech: Uses the exact words someone said
"I love pizza," said Maria.
Reported Speech: Reports what someone said without using their exact words
Maria said (that) she loved pizza.
2. Essential Grammar Rules 📝
Tense Changes
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Past Simple | "I work" → she said she worked |
| Present Continuous | Past Continuous | "I am working" → she said she was working |
| Present Perfect | Past Perfect | "I have worked" → she said she had worked |
| Past Simple | Past Perfect | "I worked" → she said she had worked |
| Will | Would | "I will work" → she said she would work |
Time Expression Changes
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
|---|---|
| now | then |
| today | that day |
| tomorrow | the next day |
| yesterday | the previous day |
| this week | that week |
3. External Resources 🌐
Video Tutorials
Practice Websites
Interactive Games
Mobile Apps
- Duolingo (Grammar Section)
- English Grammar in Use (Cambridge)
- Grammar Up
- ELSA Speak (Speaking Practice)
4. Practice Exercises 💪
Exercise 1: Transform to Reported Speech
- "I am studying English," said Ana.
- "We will visit Ibagué tomorrow," they said.
- "Have you finished your homework?" asked the teacher.
- "I can't find my book," said Carlos.
- "We are going to the movies tonight," said Maria.
Exercise 2: Real-Life Practice
Interview your partner about:
- Their favorite food
- Their plans for the weekend
- What they did yesterday
- Their opinion about studying English
Then report their answers to the class.
Exercise 3: Writing Task
Write a short story about your last family gathering. Include at least:
- 3 examples of direct speech
- 3 examples of reported speech
- Different time expressions
- Various verb tenses
5. Self-Assessment Quiz 📝
- Transform: "I will call you tomorrow," said John.
- Transform: "Are you feeling sick?" asked mom.
- Transform: "We have lived here for ten years," they said.
- Transform: "Don't touch that!" warned the teacher.
- Transform: "I am going to study medicine," said Ana.
"Learning to report speech accurately helps us become better communicators and storytellers. Keep practicing, and you'll master it! 🌟"
- Your English Teachers at Ibagué
Additional Resources 📚
Recommended Books
- English Grammar in Use (Raymond Murphy)
- Oxford Practice Grammar (Norman Coe)
- Practical English Usage (Michael Swan)
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